Microbial Interactions & Microbial Ecology

Microorganisms are widely used in various beneficial applications, including food, pest control, bioremediation, biodegradation, biofuel processes, and plant symbiosis and growth stimulation. Microbes as pests that are destructive to their crops or animals (as well as themselves), but many microbes are beneficial. In this era a sustainable agriculture development is needed to develop farming systems that are productive, profitable, energy conserving, environmentally-sound, conserving of natural resources, and that ensure food safety and quality and mitigate issues like food crisis.

Soil microbes (bacteria and fungi) are essential for decomposing organic matter and recycling old plant material. The rhizosphere is the soil-plant root interphase and in practice consists of the soil adhering to the root besides the loose soil surrounding it. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria are potential agents for the biological control of plant pathogens and fulfil the requirement for strong colonization. The concepts and practices of natural farming make use of a consortium of beneficial microorganisms to improve soil health.